# circmean¶

astropy.stats.circmean(data, axis=None, weights=None)[source]

Computes the circular mean angle of an array of circular data.

Parameters: data : numpy.ndarray or Quantity Array of circular (directional) data, which is assumed to be in radians whenever data is numpy.ndarray. axis : int, optional Axis along which circular means are computed. The default is to compute the mean of the flattened array. weights : numpy.ndarray, optional In case of grouped data, the i-th element of weights represents a weighting factor for each group such that sum(weights, axis) equals the number of observations. See [1], remark 1.4, page 22, for detailed explanation. circmean : numpy.ndarray or Quantity Circular mean.

References

 [1] S. R. Jammalamadaka, A. SenGupta. “Topics in Circular Statistics”. Series on Multivariate Analysis, Vol. 5, 2001.
 [2] C. Agostinelli, U. Lund. “Circular Statistics from ‘Topics in Circular Statistics (2001)’”. 2015.

Examples

>>> import numpy as np
>>> from astropy.stats import circmean
>>> from astropy import units as u
>>> data = np.array([51, 67, 40, 109, 31, 358])*u.deg
>>> circmean(data) # doctest: +FLOAT_CMP
<Quantity 48.62718088722989 deg>